{"id":2399,"date":"2024-10-10T15:45:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T13:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/reception-internationale-oeuvres-emile-zola\/"},"modified":"2024-10-11T15:45:00","modified_gmt":"2024-10-11T13:45:00","slug":"reception-internationale-oeuvres-emile-zola","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/reception-internationale-oeuvres-emile-zola\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9ception internationale des \u0153uvres d’\u00c9mile Zola en son temps"},"content":{"rendered":"

La r\u00e9ception internationale<\/strong> des \u0153uvres d’\u00c9mile Zola au XIXe si\u00e8cle refl\u00e8te ses influences sur la litt\u00e9rature mondiale<\/strong>. Ses romans, comme Germinal<\/em> et L’Assommoir<\/em>, ont suscit\u00e9 des \u00e9changes litt\u00e9raires et ont \u00e9t\u00e9 traduits dans plusieurs langues, influen\u00e7ant le mouvement litt\u00e9raire<\/strong> naturaliste \u00e0 travers l’Europe. Entre inspiration<\/strong>, censure<\/strong> et scandale litt\u00e9raire<\/strong>, les \u00e9crits de Zola ont d\u00e9clench\u00e9 des d\u00e9bats sur la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et la pauvret\u00e9<\/strong>, marquant son \u00e9poque au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res fran\u00e7aises.<\/p>\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIndex\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
  1. Critiques et adaptations de Zola : un regard international<\/a>
  2. L'impact du naturalisme de Zola sur la litt\u00e9rature \u00e9trang\u00e8re<\/a>
  3. Perception et popularit\u00e9 des \u0153uvres de Zola \u00e0 travers le monde<\/a>
  4. Influence culturelle et d\u00e9bat litt\u00e9raire autour de Zola<\/a>
  5. Zola confront\u00e9 \u00e0 la censure et au scandale \u00e0 l'international<\/a><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t

    Critiques et adaptations de Zola : un regard international<\/h2>\n

    \u00c9mile Zola, figure de proue du mouvement naturalisme<\/strong>, n’a pas seulement marqu\u00e9 la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise<\/strong>, mais a \u00e9galement suscit\u00e9 des critiques et des adaptations \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale. Ses \u0153uvres, comme Nana<\/em>, ont travers\u00e9 les fronti\u00e8res, captivant les esprits et soulevant des d\u00e9bats internationaux. Au Royaume-Uni, par exemple, la critique litt\u00e9raire a d\u00e9battu ardemment de l’impact de son style r\u00e9aliste, certains trouvant sa description brute de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong> perturbante, tandis que d’autres saluaient son authenticit\u00e9 audacieuse.<\/p>\n\n

    Ses romans ont \u00e9t\u00e9 adapt\u00e9s de multiples mani\u00e8res pour rencontrer diff\u00e9rents publics culturels. Aux \u00c9tats-Unis, plusieurs de ses \u0153uvres ont b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d’une adaptation th\u00e9\u00e2trale<\/strong>, interpr\u00e9t\u00e9es dans des contextes qui soulignaient les tensions sociales locales, ce qui a permis de rendre ses th\u00e8mes universels encore plus accessibles. En Russie, Zola a inspir\u00e9 des \u00e9crivains \u00e0 explorer le r\u00e9alisme social, influen\u00e7ant la perception litt\u00e9raire au-del\u00e0 des simples traductions.<\/p>\n\n

    Les \u00e9changes litt\u00e9raires entre cercles d’intellectuels europ\u00e9ens ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 amplifier l’influence internationale<\/strong> de Zola. Ses livres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 traduits rapidement, soulignant une curiosit\u00e9 croissante pour son analyse de la pauvret\u00e9<\/strong> et des classes ouvri\u00e8res, th\u00e8mes pertinents face \u00e0 l’industrialisation galopante du XIXe si\u00e8cle. Ainsi, les adaptations et critiques des \u00e9crits de Zola offrent un panorama fascinant de la mani\u00e8re dont ses r\u00e9cits ont \u00e9t\u00e9 re\u00e7us, remani\u00e9s, et d\u00e9battus sur la sc\u00e8ne mondiale.<\/p>

    L’impact du naturalisme de Zola sur la litt\u00e9rature \u00e9trang\u00e8re<\/h2>\n

    Le naturalisme, port\u00e9 par \u00c9mile Zola, a grandement influenc\u00e9 la litt\u00e9rature \u00e9trang\u00e8re<\/strong> en injectant un r\u00e9alisme sans concession dans les r\u00e9cits. \u00c0 travers des \u0153uvres comme Germinal<\/em> et L’Assommoir<\/em>, Zola a mis en lumi\u00e8re la rudesse de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong> industrielle, inspirant d’innombrables \u00e9crivains en Angleterre et ailleurs. Ces \u00e9crivains ont adopt\u00e9 son approche d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et scientifique pour explorer les facettes souvent n\u00e9glig\u00e9es du quotidien.<\/p>\n\n

    En Angleterre, par exemple, les romans de Zola ont \u00e9t\u00e9 traduits avec une pr\u00e9cision qui a pr\u00e9serv\u00e9 la densit\u00e9 de ses descriptions. Ces traductions<\/strong> ont permis au public anglais et \u00e0 d’autres europ\u00e9ens de red\u00e9couvrir les limites et possibilit\u00e9s de la forme romanesque. Le r\u00e9alisme brut de Zola a incit\u00e9 les auteurs \u00e9trangers \u00e0 s’attaquer \u00e0 des th\u00e8mes tels que la pauvret\u00e9<\/strong> et l’injustice sociale, enrichissant leur propre mouvement litt\u00e9raire<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n

    Au-del\u00e0 de la fiction, l’impact<\/strong> de Zola a aussi p\u00e9n\u00e9tr\u00e9 le d\u00e9bat sur la responsabilit\u00e9 de l’\u00e9crivain envers la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Ses \u0153uvres ont encourag\u00e9 une nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d’auteurs \u00e0 questionner et \u00e0 transformer leurs id\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de critique sociale et d’engagement, stimulant ainsi une \u00e9volution continue des r\u00e9cits litt\u00e9raires \u00e0 travers le monde.<\/p>\n

    \n

    \"Atlangue\u00a0\u00a0Vous pouvez \u00e9galement \u00eatre int\u00e9ress\u00e9 par la consultation :<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n

    Perception et popularit\u00e9 des \u0153uvres de Zola \u00e0 travers le monde<\/h2>\n

    \u00c9mile Zola, avec son style singulier et ses r\u00e9cits puissants, a gagn\u00e9 une popularit\u00e9<\/strong> internationale qui a transcend\u00e9 les fronti\u00e8res de la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise<\/strong>. Ses romans comme Germinal<\/em> et L’Assommoir<\/em> ont captiv\u00e9 un vaste public<\/strong>, des cercles litt\u00e9raires de Paris jusqu’aux \u00e9tag\u00e8res des biblioth\u00e8ques en Am\u00e9rique du Nord. Cette r\u00e9putation mondiale s’est construite \u00e0 travers une perception culturelle saisissante : Zola a su toucher du bout de la plume les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s sociales universelles.<\/p>\n\n

    Dans plusieurs pays, son \u0153uvre a \u00e9t\u00e9 salu\u00e9e pour sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9noncer les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong> industrielle, particuli\u00e8rement pertinentes \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 l’industrialisation remodelait le monde entier. Le mouvement litt\u00e9raire<\/strong> qu’il a initi\u00e9 a engendr\u00e9 une nouvelle fa\u00e7on d’appr\u00e9hender le roman, en ancrant les r\u00e9cits dans la vie quotidienne des classes populaires, ce qui a su r\u00e9sonner avec les exp\u00e9riences personnelles des lecteurs internationaux.<\/p>\n\n

    La r\u00e9ception moderne de Zola d\u00e9montre encore l’attrait durable de ses \u0153uvres, bien au-del\u00e0 du XIXe si\u00e8cle. Partout dans le monde, les lecteurs continuent de se tourner vers Zola pour l’authenticit\u00e9 brutale de son \u00e9criture, qui \u00e9veille tant l’empathie<\/strong> pour ses personnages que la r\u00e9flexion sur des th\u00e8mes contemporains, attestant de l’h\u00e9ritage litt\u00e9raire profond\u00e9ment ancr\u00e9 qu’il a l\u00e9gu\u00e9.<\/p>

    Influence culturelle et d\u00e9bat litt\u00e9raire autour de Zola<\/h2>\n

    L’\u0153uvre d’\u00c9mile Zola a laiss\u00e9 une empreinte ind\u00e9l\u00e9bile<\/strong> non seulement dans la litt\u00e9rature mais aussi dans la culture populaire de son \u00e9poque et au-del\u00e0. Son approche audacieuse du r\u00e9alisme<\/strong> a fait na\u00eetre chez les lecteurs et les critiques un d\u00e9bat litt\u00e9raire passionn\u00e9 qui continue d’alimenter les \u00e9changes intellectuels. Les cercles litt\u00e9raires de l’\u00e9poque ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois inspir\u00e9s et provoqu\u00e9s par son franc-parler, ce qui a suscit\u00e9 une admiration autant qu’une vive opposition.<\/p>\n\n

    L’influence culturelle de Zola s’est \u00e9tendue bien au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res fran\u00e7aises. En Europe, ses romans comme Nana<\/em> ont red\u00e9fini les normes de la prose fictionnelle, encourageant les auteurs \u00e0 explorer la critique sociale<\/strong> \u00e0 travers leurs propres contextes culturels. Cette dynamique a non seulement fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 le paysage litt\u00e9raire de l’\u00e9poque, mais a aussi inspir\u00e9 des adaptations qui ont permis \u00e0 son message de r\u00e9sonner encore plus largement.<\/p>\n\n

    Le d\u00e9bat litt\u00e9raire autour de Zola n’\u00e9tait pas seulement une question de go\u00fbt personnel ou de style, mais aussi un combat id\u00e9ologique sur le r\u00f4le de l’\u00e9crivain dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong>. Zola a incit\u00e9 un v\u00e9ritable engagement social<\/strong> chez ses contemporains, for\u00e7ant le monde litt\u00e9raire \u00e0 repenser les responsabilit\u00e9s d’un \u00e9crivain engag\u00e9 face aux r\u00e9alit\u00e9s brutales de la vie moderne. \u00c0 travers ses \u0153uvres, Zola a su faire \u00e9cho \u00e0 des pr\u00e9occupations universelles, confirmant ainsi son statut de pionnier et de provocateur dans le monde des lettres.<\/p>

    Zola confront\u00e9 \u00e0 la censure et au scandale \u00e0 l’international<\/h2>\n

    \u00c9mile Zola, ma\u00eetre du naturalisme<\/strong>, fut souvent au c\u0153ur de nombreux scandales litt\u00e9raires qui ont marqu\u00e9 son \u00e9poque et au-del\u00e0. Ses ouvrages, pleins de d\u00e9tails crus et de critique sociale<\/strong>, ont souvent \u00e9t\u00e9 jug\u00e9s inappropri\u00e9s par les autorit\u00e9s et certains segments du public<\/strong>, entra\u00eenant ainsi des tentatives de censure<\/strong> dans de nombreux pays. Par exemple, son c\u00e9l\u00e8bre roman L’Assommoir<\/em> a fait grand bruit pour sa repr\u00e9sentation sans concession de l’alcoolisme et de la mis\u00e8re, ce qui a perturb\u00e9 le lectorat traditionnel.<\/p>\n\n

    Au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res fran\u00e7aises, les \u0153uvres de Zola ont \u00e9t\u00e9 confront\u00e9es \u00e0 des mod\u00e8les de censure vari\u00e9s. En Angleterre, ses romans ont parfois \u00e9t\u00e9 modifi\u00e9s pour \u00eatre jug\u00e9s acceptables, entra\u00eenant des d\u00e9bats houleux sur la libert\u00e9 d’expression et l’authenticit\u00e9 des traductions<\/strong>. Ce climat de controverse a souvent servi \u00e0 amplifier la r\u00e9putation<\/strong> de Zola, le propulsant comme figure embl\u00e9matique d’un auteur provocateur pr\u00eat \u00e0 affronter le statu quo.<\/p>\n\n

    Les scandales li\u00e9s \u00e0 ses \u00e9crits ont \u00e9galement donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 des discussions vigoureuses dans les \u00e9changes litt\u00e9raires<\/strong> internationaux. Les cercles litt\u00e9raires et intellectuels d\u00e9battent de la pertinence des restrictions impos\u00e9es \u00e0 ses textes et du r\u00f4le essentiel de la litt\u00e9rature dans le questionnement des normes culturelles<\/strong>. Ainsi, Zola est devenu un symbole de r\u00e9sistance, interrogeant sans rel\u00e2che les limites impos\u00e9es par la censure, et offrant une voix forte aux r\u00e9alit\u00e9s souvent masqu\u00e9es du quotidien.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Comment \u00c9mile Zola a-t-il marqu\u00e9 l’\u00e9tranger avec ses \u0153uvres ? D\u00e9couvre son impact litt\u00e9raire et les r\u00e9actions qu’elles ont suscit\u00e9es.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2400,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,117,118],"tags":[207],"class_list":["post-2399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auteurs","category-culture-francaise","category-litterature","tag-emile-zola-2"],"spectra_custom_meta":{"_wp_page_template":["default"],"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1"],"rank_math_title":["R\u00e9ception internationale des \u0153uvres d'\u00c9mile Zola en son temps"],"rank_math_description":["Comment \u00c9mile Zola a-t-il marqu\u00e9 l'\u00e9tranger avec ses \u0153uvres ? D\u00e9couvre son impact litt\u00e9raire et les r\u00e9actions qu'elles ont suscit\u00e9es."],"rank_math_focus_keyword":[""],"_thumbnail_id":["2400"],"_last_translation_edit_mode":["translation-editor"],"_wpml_word_count":["1442"],"rank_math_primary_category":["78"],"_uagb_toc_options":["a:2:{s:17:\"_uagb_toc_version\";s:10:\"1778168533\";s:18:\"_uagb_toc_headings\";a:5:{i:0;a:4:{s:5:\"level\";i:2;s:2:\"id\";s:56:\"critiques-et-adaptations-de-zola-un-regard-international\";s:7:\"content\";s:58:\"Critiques et adaptations de Zola : un regard international\";s:5:\"depth\";i:2;}i:1;a:4:{s:5:\"level\";i:2;s:2:\"id\";s:62:\"limpact-du-naturalisme-de-zola-sur-la-litt\u00e9rature-\u00e9trang\u00e8re\";s:7:\"content\";s:63:\"L'impact du naturalisme de Zola sur la litt\u00e9rature \u00e9trang\u00e8re\";s:5:\"depth\";i:2;}i:2;a:4:{s:5:\"level\";i:2;s:2:\"id\";s:65:\"perception-et-popularit\u00e9-des-\u0153uvres-de-zola-\u00e0-travers-le-monde\";s:7:\"content\";s:65:\"Perception et popularit\u00e9 des \u0153uvres de Zola \u00e0 travers le monde\";s:5:\"depth\";i:2;}i:3;a:4:{s:5:\"level\";i:2;s:2:\"id\";s:57:\"influence-culturelle-et-d\u00e9bat-litt\u00e9raire-autour-de-zola\";s:7:\"content\";s:57:\"Influence culturelle et d\u00e9bat litt\u00e9raire autour de Zola\";s:5:\"depth\";i:2;}i:4;a:4:{s:5:\"level\";i:2;s:2:\"id\";s:62:\"zola-confront\u00e9-\u00e0-la-censure-et-au-scandale-\u00e0-linternational\";s:7:\"content\";s:63:\"Zola confront\u00e9 \u00e0 la censure et au scandale \u00e0 l'international\";s:5:\"depth\";i:2;}}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-2399.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-2399.js"],"_uag_page_assets":["a:9:{s:3:\"css\";s:18422:\"\ufeff.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents .uagb-toc__wrap{display:inline-block;max-width:-moz-available;max-width:-webkit-fill-available;max-width:fill-available}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents li.uagb-toc__list{padding-top:10px}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents ul.uagb-toc__list,.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents ol.uagb-toc__list{list-style-position:inside;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:2.2em}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents ul.uagb-toc__list li,.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents ol.uagb-toc__list li{margin:0}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents ul li:empty{display:none}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents .uagb-toc__title-wrap{display:flex;align-items:center}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents .uagb-toc__title{display:flex;align-items:center}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents .uagb-toc__is-collapsible.uagb-toc__title-wrap{cursor:pointer}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents .uag-toc__collapsible-wrap svg{width:20px;height:20px}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents svg{width:20px;height:20px;display:inline-block;margin-left:10px;cursor:pointer}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents .uag-toc__collapsible-wrap{display:flex;margin-left:10px;cursor:pointer}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents.uagb-toc__collapse .uagb-toc__list-wrap{display:none}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents.uagb-toc__collapse--list ul.uagb-toc__list,.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents.uagb-toc__collapse--list ol.uagb-toc__list{padding-left:2px}ol.uagb-toc__list li.uagb-toc__list ul,ol.uagb-toc__list ul.uagb-toc__list ul{list-style-type:circle}ol.uagb-toc__list>ul,ol.uagb-toc__list>li{list-style-type:disc}.uagb-toc__scroll-top{position:fixed;right:50px;bottom:50px;display:none;padding:10px;background:#ccd0d4;cursor:pointer;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.8571428571}.uagb-toc__scroll-top svg{width:1.6em;height:.6em;margin-left:0;transform:translate(0, -20%) rotate(180deg);fill:currentColor}.uagb-toc__scroll-top.uagb-toc__show-scroll{display:inline-table}body[class*=astra] .uagb-toc__list{line-height:normal}.uagb-toc__list{margin-top:0}.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents ol.uagb-toc__list li.uagb-toc__list.uagb-toc__list--expandable{list-style-type:none !important}ul.uagb-toc__list--child-of-closed-list{padding-top:0 !important}ul.uagb-toc__list--hidden-child{display:none !important}.list-open::before,.list-collapsed::before{content:\"\u25bc\"\/\"\";transition:transform .3s ease;transform:scale(0.7) translateX(-50%);display:inline-block}.list-collapsed::before{transform:scale(0.7) rotate(-90deg) translate(-84%, 6%)}span.list-open,span.list-collapsed{cursor:pointer;outline:none !important}.uagb-toc__list.transition{transition:max-height 300ms ease-in-out,padding-top 300ms ease-in-out}.uagb-toc__loader{border:2px solid #f3f3f3;border-top:2px solid #0073aa;border-radius:50%;width:20px;height:20px;animation:spin 1.1s linear infinite;display:block;position:absolute;margin-top:5px}.uagb-toc__list-hidden{opacity:0}@keyframes spin{0%{transform:rotate(0deg)}100%{transform:rotate(360deg)}}[dir=rtl] .list-open::before{transform:scale(0.7) translateX(50%)}[dir=rtl] .list-collapsed::before{transform:scale(0.7) rotate(90deg) translate(84%, 6%)}[dir=rtl] .wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents.uagb-toc__collapse--list ul.uagb-toc__list,[dir=rtl] .wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents.uagb-toc__collapse--list ol.uagb-toc__list{padding-left:0;padding-right:2px;margin-left:0;margin-right:2.2em}.wp-block-uagb-container{display:flex;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;transition-property:box-shadow;transition-duration:.2s;transition-timing-function:ease}.wp-block-uagb-container .spectra-container-link-overlay{bottom:0;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:10}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-is-root-container{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-uagb-container.alignfull.uagb-is-root-container .uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap{display:flex;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}.wp-block-uagb-container .wp-block-uagb-blockquote,.wp-block-uagb-container .wp-block-spectra-pro-login,.wp-block-uagb-container .wp-block-spectra-pro-register{margin:unset}.wp-block-uagb-container .uagb-container__video-wrap{height:100%;width:100%;top:0;left:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transition:opacity 1s;-o-transition:opacity 1s;transition:opacity 1s}.wp-block-uagb-container .uagb-container__video-wrap video{max-width:100%;width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;line-height:1;border:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:baseline;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;background-size:cover}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid{display:grid;width:100%}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap{display:inherit;width:inherit}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap>.wp-block-uagb-container{max-width:unset !important;width:unset !important}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid>.wp-block-uagb-container{max-width:unset !important;width:unset !important}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid.uagb-is-root-container{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid.uagb-is-root-container>.wp-block-uagb-container{max-width:unset !important;width:unset !important}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid.alignwide.uagb-is-root-container{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-layout-grid.alignfull.uagb-is-root-container .uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap{display:inherit;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}body .wp-block-uagb-container>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap>*:not(.wp-block-uagb-container):not(.wp-block-uagb-column):not(.wp-block-uagb-container):not(.wp-block-uagb-section):not(.uagb-container__shape):not(.uagb-container__video-wrap):not(.wp-block-spectra-pro-register):not(.wp-block-spectra-pro-login):not(.uagb-slider-container):not(.spectra-image-gallery__control-lightbox):not(.wp-block-uagb-info-box),body .wp-block-uagb-container>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap,body .wp-block-uagb-container>*:not(.wp-block-uagb-container):not(.wp-block-uagb-column):not(.wp-block-uagb-container):not(.wp-block-uagb-section):not(.uagb-container__shape):not(.uagb-container__video-wrap):not(.wp-block-spectra-pro-register):not(.wp-block-spectra-pro-login):not(.uagb-slider-container):not(.spectra-container-link-overlay):not(.spectra-image-gallery__control-lightbox):not(.wp-block-uagb-lottie):not(.uagb-faq__outer-wrap){min-width:unset !important;width:100%;position:relative}body .ast-container .wp-block-uagb-container>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap>.wp-block-uagb-container>ul,body .ast-container .wp-block-uagb-container>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap>.wp-block-uagb-container ol,body .ast-container .wp-block-uagb-container>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap>ul,body .ast-container .wp-block-uagb-container>.uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap ol{max-width:-webkit-fill-available;margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;margin-left:20px}.ast-plain-container .editor-styles-wrapper .block-editor-block-list__layout.is-root-container .uagb-is-root-container.wp-block-uagb-container.alignwide{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.uagb-container__shape{overflow:hidden;position:absolute;left:0;width:100%;line-height:0;direction:ltr}.uagb-container__shape-top{top:-3px}.uagb-container__shape-bottom{bottom:-3px}.uagb-container__shape.uagb-container__invert.uagb-container__shape-bottom,.uagb-container__shape.uagb-container__invert.uagb-container__shape-top{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg)}.uagb-container__shape.uagb-container__shape-flip svg{transform:translateX(-50%) rotateY(180deg)}.uagb-container__shape svg{display:block;width:-webkit-calc(100% + 1.3px);width:calc(100% + 1.3px);position:relative;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.uagb-container__shape .uagb-container__shape-fill{-webkit-transform-origin:center;-ms-transform-origin:center;transform-origin:center;-webkit-transform:rotateY(0deg);transform:rotateY(0deg)}.uagb-container__shape.uagb-container__shape-above-content{z-index:9;pointer-events:none}.nv-single-page-wrap .nv-content-wrap.entry-content .wp-block-uagb-container.alignfull{margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);margin-right:calc(50% - 50vw)}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-uagb-container .wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading{width:-webkit-fill-available}}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-none{justify-content:center}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h1,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h2,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h3,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h4,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h5,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h6,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading p,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading div{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-heading-text{margin:0}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-desc-text{margin:0}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-separator{font-size:0;border-top-style:solid;display:inline-block;margin:0 0 10px 0}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight{color:#f78a0c;border:0;transition:all .3s ease}.uag-highlight-toolbar{border-left:0;border-top:0;border-bottom:0;border-radius:0;border-right-color:#1e1e1e}.uag-highlight-toolbar .components-button{border-radius:0;outline:none}.uag-highlight-toolbar .components-button.is-primary{color:#fff}.uagb-block-592a180d.wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents{text-align: center;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap li a{color: var(u002du002dast-global-color-1);}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__wrap .uagb-toc__title-wrap{justify-content: left;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__wrap .uagb-toc__title{color: var(u002du002dast-global-color-0);justify-content: space-between;cursor: pointer;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__wrap{border-top-width: 1px;border-left-width: 1px;border-right-width: 1px;border-bottom-width: 1px;border-top-left-radius: 6px;border-top-right-radius: 6px;border-bottom-left-radius: 6px;border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;border-color: #333;border-style: solid;padding-left: 30px;padding-right: 30px;padding-top: 30px;padding-bottom: 30px;background: rgba(237,237,237,0.65);width: 100%;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap{column-count: 1;overflow: hidden;text-align: left;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap > ul.uagb-toc__list > li:first-child{padding-top: 0;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol.uagb-toc__list:first-child{margin-left: 30px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ul.uagb-toc__list:last-child > li:last-child{padding-bottom: 0;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list{list-style-type: none !important;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list .uagb-toc__list{list-style-type: none !important;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__title{font-family: \"Lato\";font-weight: 600;font-size: 30px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol li a{font-family: \"Lato\";text-decoration: none;}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879 .uagb-container__shape-top svg{width: calc( 100% + 1.3px );}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879 .uagb-container__shape.uagb-container__shape-top .uagb-container__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879 .uagb-container__shape-bottom svg{width: calc( 100% + 1.3px );}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879 .uagb-container__shape.uagb-container__shape-bottom .uagb-container__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879 .uagb-container__video-wrap video{opacity: 1;}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-is-root-container .uagb-block-2dc29879{max-width: 100%;width: 100%;}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879{box-shadow: 0px 4px 12px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.16) ;padding-top: 3%;padding-bottom: 2%;padding-left: 2%;padding-right: 2%;margin-top: 50px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;margin-right: 0px !important;overflow: visible;order: initial;border-top-left-radius: 6px;border-top-right-radius: 6px;border-bottom-left-radius: 6px;border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;border-color: inherit;background: linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(67,51,97,0.03) 0%,rgba(67,51,97,0.17) 100%);;background-clip: padding-box;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;justify-content: center;flex-wrap: nowrap;row-gap: 20px;column-gap: 20px;max-width: 100% !important;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-83cc9a09.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading {margin-bottom: 0%;margin-left: 2%;padding-top: 2px;padding-right: 2px;padding-bottom: 2px;padding-left: 0px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-83cc9a09.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-desc-text{margin-bottom: 15px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-83cc9a09.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight{font-style: normal;font-weight: Default;background: #007cba;color: #fff;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-83cc9a09.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::-moz-selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-83cc9a09.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-83cc9a09 .uagb-heading-text{font-family: \"Lato\";font-weight: 700;font-size: 21px;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ul li{font-size: 18px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol li{font-size: 18px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__title{font-size: 22px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__wrap{border-style: solid;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol.uagb-toc__list:first-child{margin-left: 15px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap{column-count: 1;overflow: hidden;text-align: left;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap > ul.uagb-toc__list > li:first-child{padding-top: 0;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ul.uagb-toc__list:last-child > li:last-child{padding-bottom: 0;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol li a{font-size: 18px;}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-is-root-container .uagb-block-2dc29879{width: 100%;}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879{padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 2px;padding-left: 2px;padding-right: 2px;margin-top: 50px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;order: initial;background: linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(67,51,97,0.03) 0%,rgba(67,51,97,0.17) 100%);;background-clip: padding-box;max-width: !important;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-83cc9a09.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading {padding-top: 2%;padding-right: 2%;padding-bottom: 2%;padding-left: 0%;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ul li{font-size: 18px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol li{font-size: 18px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__wrap{border-style: solid;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol.uagb-toc__list:first-child{margin-left: 0px;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap{column-count: 1;overflow: hidden;text-align: left;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap > ul.uagb-toc__list > li:first-child{padding-top: 0;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ul.uagb-toc__list:last-child > li:last-child{padding-bottom: 0;}.uagb-block-592a180d .uagb-toc__list-wrap ol li a{font-size: 18px;}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-is-root-container .uagb-block-2dc29879{max-width: 100%;width: 100%;}.wp-block-uagb-container.uagb-block-2dc29879{padding-top: 3%;padding-bottom: 2%;padding-left: 2%;padding-right: 2%;margin-top: 50px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;order: initial;background: linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(67,51,97,0.03) 0%,rgba(67,51,97,0.17) 100%);;background-clip: padding-box;flex-wrap: wrap;max-width: 100% !important;}}.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media(max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media(max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading {margin-bottom: 20px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-desc-text{margin-bottom: 15px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight{font-style: normal;font-weight: Default;background: #007cba;color: #fff;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::-moz-selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747 .uagb-heading-text{font-family: \"Lato\";font-size: 25px;line-height: 1.1em;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747 .uagb-heading-text{font-size: 27px;line-height: 1.2em;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-aad02747 .uagb-heading-text{font-size: 25px;line-height: 1.2em;}}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading {margin-bottom: 20px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-desc-text{margin-bottom: 15px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight{font-style: normal;font-weight: Default;background: #007cba;color: #fff;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::-moz-selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e .uagb-heading-text{font-family: \"Lato\";font-size: 21px;line-height: 1.1em;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e .uagb-heading-text{font-size: 27px;line-height: 1.2em;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-914edb3e .uagb-heading-text{font-size: 25px;line-height: 1.2em;}}\";s:2:\"js\";s:385:\"document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function(){ window.addEventListener( 'load', function(){\n\tUAGBTableOfContents._run( {\"mappingHeaders\":[false,true,true,true,true,true],\"scrollToTop\":false,\"makeCollapsible\":true,\"enableCollapsableList\":false,\"initialCollapse\":true,\"markerView\":\"decimal\",\"isFrontend\":true,\"initiallyCollapseList\":false}, '.uagb-block-592a180d' );\n} );\n });\";s:18:\"current_block_list\";a:11:{i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/table-of-contents\";i:1;s:14:\"uagb\/container\";i:2;s:21:\"uagb\/advanced-heading\";i:3;s:14:\"core\/shortcode\";i:4;s:11:\"core\/search\";i:5;s:10:\"core\/group\";i:6;s:17:\"core\/latest-posts\";i:8;s:12:\"core\/heading\";i:9;s:20:\"core\/latest-comments\";i:11;s:13:\"core\/archives\";i:12;s:15:\"core\/categories\";}s:8:\"uag_flag\";b:1;s:11:\"uag_version\";s:10:\"1778168533\";s:6:\"gfonts\";a:1:{s:4:\"Lato\";a:2:{s:10:\"fontfamily\";s:4:\"Lato\";s:12:\"fontvariants\";a:2:{i:0;s:3:\"600\";i:1;s:3:\"700\";}}}s:10:\"gfonts_url\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"gfonts_files\";a:0:{}s:14:\"uag_faq_layout\";b:0;}"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/atlangue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/recepcion-internacional-obras-emile-zola-tiempo.webp",1080,617,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/atlangue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/recepcion-internacional-obras-emile-zola-tiempo-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/atlangue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/recepcion-internacional-obras-emile-zola-tiempo-300x171.webp",300,171,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/atlangue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/recepcion-internacional-obras-emile-zola-tiempo-768x439.webp",768,439,true],"large":["https:\/\/atlangue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/recepcion-internacional-obras-emile-zola-tiempo-1024x585.webp",1024,585,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/atlangue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/recepcion-internacional-obras-emile-zola-tiempo.webp",1080,617,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/atlangue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/recepcion-internacional-obras-emile-zola-tiempo.webp",1080,617,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Mica\u00ebl Girondin","author_link":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/aut\/micael-girondin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Comment \u00c9mile Zola a-t-il marqu\u00e9 l'\u00e9tranger avec ses \u0153uvres ? D\u00e9couvre son impact litt\u00e9raire et les r\u00e9actions qu'elles ont suscit\u00e9es.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2399"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlangue.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}